A "tax treaty" is an agreement between two countries that is intended to address situations that would otherwise result in "double taxation", i.e., situations where two different sovereigns impose a similar tax on the same taxpayer for the same taxable item. These situations can occur when a citizen of one country lives, works and/or owns real or personal property in another country or where a corporation has a parent company in one country and subsidiary companies in other countries. By reducing the effects of double taxation, tax treaties are intended to promote international trade and investment. Tax treaties typically contain provisions that detail how "residence" is to be determined, identify the types of taxes covered by the agreement, establish procedures for dispute resolution, and address the tax treatment of specific types of income, such as dividends, interests, royalties, capital gains, etc. Tax treaties also will often contain provisions addressing the unique needs of certain classes or categories of taxpayers, such as students, entertainers, or diplomatic and consular employees. The Internal Revenue Service's Web site contains electronic copies of all tax treaties to which the United States is a party. See www.irs.gov/businesses/international/article/0,,id=96739,00.html.